{"id":9424,"date":"2026-11-02T15:46:27","date_gmt":"2026-11-02T15:46:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/correllfirm.com\/resources\/?page_id=9424"},"modified":"2026-11-11T11:54:59","modified_gmt":"2026-11-11T11:54:59","slug":"motorcoach-bus-crash-injuries-virginia","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/correllfirm.com\/resources\/commercial-vehicle-accidents-virginia-guide\/motorcoach-bus-crash-injuries-virginia\/","title":{"rendered":"Bus Crash Injuries in Virginia: What Passengers Should Know"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover alignfull is-dark chg-hero\" style=\"min-height:460px;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim-60 has-background-dim wp-block-cover__gradient-background has-background-gradient\" style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(32,36,46,1) 0%,rgba(32,36,46,1) 55%,rgba(32,36,46,0.7) 100%)\"><\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-9422\" alt=\"Empty city bus parked at a curb on a quiet Virginia street, with no people visible.\" src=\"https:\/\/correllfirm.com\/resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/empty-city-bus-parked-at-a-curb-on-a-quiet-virginia-street-w-photo.jpg\" width=\"1584\" height=\"672\" srcset=\"https:\/\/correllfirm.com\/resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/empty-city-bus-parked-at-a-curb-on-a-quiet-virginia-street-w-photo.jpg 1584w, https:\/\/correllfirm.com\/resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/empty-city-bus-parked-at-a-curb-on-a-quiet-virginia-street-w-photo-300x127.jpg 300w, https:\/\/correllfirm.com\/resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/empty-city-bus-parked-at-a-curb-on-a-quiet-virginia-street-w-photo-1024x434.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/correllfirm.com\/resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/empty-city-bus-parked-at-a-curb-on-a-quiet-virginia-street-w-photo-768x326.jpg 768w, https:\/\/correllfirm.com\/resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/empty-city-bus-parked-at-a-curb-on-a-quiet-virginia-street-w-photo-1536x652.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1584px) 100vw, 1584px\" \/><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-cover-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"chg-eyebrow has-base-color has-text-color wp-block-paragraph\">Virginia Commercial Vehicle Accidents | Bus Crash Injuries<\/p><h1 class=\"wp-block-heading has-base-color has-text-color\">Hurt in a Bus Crash? Know What Virginia Passengers Should Look For<\/h1><p class=\"has-base-color has-text-color wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875rem, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2rem) * 0.625), 1.25rem);\">Injuries from motorcoach and charter bus crashes can be serious and slow to show. Correll Law Firm, based in Winchester, represents people hurt in commercial vehicle crashes across the Shenandoah Valley, Harrisonburg, Front Royal, Richmond and Henrico County.<\/p><div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\"><div class=\"wp-block-button chg-cta chg-cta-call\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"tel:+15405340928\">Schedule a free case evaluation<\/a><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-button chg-cta chg-cta-form\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/personalinjury.lawbrokr.com\/personal_injury\">Schedule a free case evaluation<\/a><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.85rem;color:#6b7280;margin-bottom:1.5rem\">Published November 2, 2026<\/p>\n\n<article lang=\"en\">\n\n<p>Bus crash injuries in Virginia can range from deep bruises to injuries that change a person&#8217;s life. Passengers, drivers, other motorists and pedestrians can all be hurt. This guide explains who may be affected, which injuries often follow, what records help, and how Virginia&#8217;s time limits work.<\/p>\n<h2>What Counts as a Motorcoach or Charter Bus Crash<\/h2>\n<p>A motorcoach or charter bus crash involves a large passenger bus that carries a group for a trip, tour or event. Motorcoaches, charter buses and tour buses are all part of the wider group of commercial vehicle accidents. The firm covers that broader category on its commercial vehicle accidents page.<\/p>\n<p>A bus case often differs from a passenger car case. The bus is usually run by a company, and the driver works for that company. That can mean more people, more paperwork and more parties to review. Charter and tour trips often involve a booking company as well as a bus operator.<\/p>\n<p>Buses travel long distances. Virginia&#8217;s major routes include Interstate 95 near Richmond and Interstate 81 through the Shenandoah Valley. A crash on a busy highway can involve many vehicles and many injured people at once.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"cta-dose-mid wp-block-group has-base-color has-accent-background-color has-text-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-32197852 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--accent,#20242e);color:var(--wp--preset--color--base,#ffffff);border-radius:8px;padding-top:1.5rem;padding-bottom:1.5rem;padding-left:1.5rem;padding-right:1.5rem;border-left:6px solid var(--wp--preset--color--cta,currentColor)\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-base-color has-text-color\">Not sure what your next step is?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Talk it through with Correll Law Firm &#8212; we can walk you through how a situation like yours is usually handled and what your options are.<\/p><div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\"><div class=\"wp-block-button chg-cta-call\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"tel:+15405340928\">Schedule a case evaluation<\/a><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-button chg-cta-form\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/personalinjury.lawbrokr.com\/personal_injury\">Schedule a case evaluation<\/a><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large has-custom-border\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/correllfirm.com\/resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/paramedics-attend-to-an-injured-person-on-a-city-street-with-photo.jpg\" alt=\"Emergency responders tend to an injured person on a city street beside a stretcher.\" style=\"border-radius:8px;width:100%;aspect-ratio:16\/9;object-fit:cover\" \/><\/figure>\n<h2>Who May Be Hurt in a Bus Crash<\/h2>\n<p>Anyone on or near a bus can be hurt when it crashes. Passengers are the most obvious group. People in seats, aisles and standing areas can all be injured. Those near the front or rear may experience the crash differently. A sudden stop or rollover can throw people into seats, windows and other passengers.<\/p>\n<p>The bus driver can be injured too. The driver&#8217;s own conduct may also be reviewed after a crash, which is one reason the driver&#8217;s role matters in any review.<\/p>\n<p>Other people are at risk as well. Drivers and passengers in smaller vehicles can be struck. Pedestrians and cyclists near a bus can be hit or pinned. Injuries can even reach people who never boarded the bus. A motorist on a highway may be hit by a bus that loses control. That is why a single crash can injure people in more than one place.<\/p>\n<h2>Injuries That Often Follow a Bus Crash<\/h2>\n<p>Traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury are among the serious injuries that can follow a bus crash. A traumatic brain injury happens when a blow or jolt damages the brain. The <a href=\"http:\/\/acl.gov\/programs\/post-injury-support\/traumatic-brain-injury-tbi\">Administration for Community Living<\/a> notes that automobile crashes can cause traumatic brain injuries. Some symptoms may not show right away, so follow-up care matters. The firm&#8217;s traumatic brain injury page covers this in more detail.<\/p>\n<p>Sudden stops, rollovers and hard impacts can also injure the spinal cord in the neck or back. Damage to the spinal cord can affect movement and feeling. The firm&#8217;s spinal cord injury page explains these injuries.<\/p>\n<p>Bus crashes also cause broken bones, internal injuries, crush injuries and burns. People with several injuries may need care from more than one medical provider. Coordinated treatment helps track each injury and its care plan.<\/p>\n<p>A passenger may feel fine at the scene and still need a medical evaluation. Adrenaline can mask pain for a while. When an injury is severe or long-lasting, the <a href=\"\/resources\/catastrophic-injuries\/\">catastrophic injuries<\/a> page describes what that can mean.<\/p>\n<h2>Why the Operator&#8217;s Identity Matters<\/h2>\n<p>The company whose name is painted on a bus may not be the company that ran the trip. A bus may be owned, leased or operated by different businesses. Each one may have its own records and insurance.<\/p>\n<p>Useful details include the operating company&#8217;s name and address, the bus number or license plate, the driver&#8217;s full name, the trip or ticket number, and the charter or tour company that booked the trip. Photos of the bus&#8217;s exterior can capture these details quickly.<\/p>\n<p>Knowing who operated the bus helps identify the records, insurers and people who may be part of the review of the crash. Identifying the operator is a step in understanding what happened. It is not a conclusion about who is at fault.<\/p>\n<h2>What Passengers and Drivers Should Write Down<\/h2>\n<p>Write down the basic facts of the crash as soon as it is safe to do so. Memories fade, and details disappear quickly after a crash.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The date, time and exact location, plus the direction of travel.<\/li>\n<li>Weather, road conditions and the trip name or bus route.<\/li>\n<li>Your seat location and the names of the company and driver shown on tickets or signs.<\/li>\n<li>Contact details for other passengers, if they are willing to share them.<\/li>\n<li>Photos or video of the bus, the scene, damage, skid marks and visible injuries, with the date each was taken.<\/li>\n<li>The names, unit numbers and any incident number of responding officers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Keep all medical records, bills, prescriptions, and receipts for travel and missed work. A written timeline of symptoms, kept day by day, can help show how injuries develop.<\/p>\n<h2>Reports, Company Records and Data That May Matter<\/h2>\n<p>Virginia requires a driver involved in a crash with injury or death to stop and report it to police immediately (Va. Code <a href=\"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/46.2-371\/\">\u00a7\u00a7 46.2-371<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/46.2-894\/\">46.2-894<\/a>). The duty to report is separate from the deadline to file a lawsuit. The driver also must give reasonable help to injured people, including taking them to a physician, surgeon or hospital if it is apparent that medical treatment is necessary or if the injured person asks for it, under <a href=\"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/46.2-894\/\">Va. Code \u00a7 46.2-894<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>A police crash report, witness statements and scene photographs may help document how the crash happened. Early records often capture details that are hard to recreate later.<\/p>\n<p>Company records can also matter. These may include driver schedules, trip records, maintenance logs, and training and inspection files. Electronic data on a bus may exist, and it may be lost if it is not preserved. Preservation requests should happen early, because records can be overwritten or discarded over time.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"cta-dose-mid wp-block-group has-base-color has-accent-background-color has-text-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-32197852 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--accent,#20242e);color:var(--wp--preset--color--base,#ffffff);border-radius:8px;padding-top:1.5rem;padding-bottom:1.5rem;padding-left:1.5rem;padding-right:1.5rem;border-left:6px solid var(--wp--preset--color--cta,currentColor)\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-base-color has-text-color\">Not sure what your next step is?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Talk it through with Correll Law Firm &#8212; we can walk you through how a situation like yours is usually handled and what your options are.<\/p><div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\"><div class=\"wp-block-button chg-cta-call\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"tel:+15405340928\">Schedule a case evaluation<\/a><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-button chg-cta-form\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/personalinjury.lawbrokr.com\/personal_injury\">Schedule a case evaluation<\/a><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Insurance Contact and Statements After a Bus Crash<\/h2>\n<p>The bus company&#8217;s insurer may contact passengers, drivers and families soon after a crash. This can happen before medical care is complete.<\/p>\n<p>An insurance adjuster works for the insurer. The adjuster gathers information about the claim and may ask for a recorded statement or a signed release. Those documents can affect later steps, so they deserve careful review.<\/p>\n<p>A person may wish to speak with a lawyer before giving a recorded statement or signing a release. Whether that makes sense depends on the facts of the situation.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large has-custom-border\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/correllfirm.com\/resources\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/a-gloved-healthcare-worker-bandaging-a-patient-s-injured-arm-photo.jpg\" alt=\"A gloved healthcare worker bandaging a patient&apos;s injured arm.\" style=\"border-radius:8px;width:100%;aspect-ratio:16\/9;object-fit:cover\" \/><\/figure>\n<h2>Time Limits, Fault, and Wrongful Death Under Virginia Law<\/h2>\n<p>Virginia generally allows two years from the date of injury to file a personal injury lawsuit (Va. Code <a href=\"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-243\/\">\u00a7 8.01-243(A)<\/a>); the clock runs from the date of injury, not the date of discovery, with narrow exceptions. Some claims carry notice requirements that run out sooner. The statute appears in full at <a href=\"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-243\/\">Va. Code \u00a7 8.01-243<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Fault can also change the outcome. Virginia follows contributory negligence: if you are found even partly at fault, you may be barred from recovering, with limited exceptions. Talk to a lawyer about your facts.<\/p>\n<p>A Virginia wrongful death action is filed by the decedent&#8217;s personal representative within two years of the death (Va. Code <a href=\"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-50\/\">\u00a7\u00a7 8.01-50(C)<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-244\/\">8.01-244(B)<\/a>), on behalf of the family members the statute protects. Family members do not file the action. They share in any recovery. The filing rule is set out in <a href=\"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-244\/\">Va. Code \u00a7 8.01-244<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Virginia wrongful death damages cover the family&#8217;s sorrow, mental anguish and loss of the decedent&#8217;s companionship, guidance and care; lost income and services; medical expenses from the injury; funeral expenses; and, for willful or wanton conduct, punitive damages (Va. Code <a href=\"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-52\/\">\u00a7 8.01-52<\/a>). The damages list appears in <a href=\"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-52\/\">Va. Code \u00a7 8.01-52<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Virginia allows punitive damages for actual malice, or for willful or wanton conduct or recklessness showing a conscious disregard for the safety of others, and the total punitive award may not exceed <a href=\"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-38.1\/\">$350,000<\/a> (Va. Code <a href=\"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-38.1\/\">\u00a7 8.01-38.1<\/a>). The firm&#8217;s wrongful death page covers these claims for families in more detail.<\/p>\n\n<\/article>\n<footer class=\"disclaimer chg-closing-block\"><p>Don&#8217;t wait to find out where you stand. Deadlines in Virginia injury cases vary, and some notice requirements run out well before the general filing deadline. The sooner you talk to a lawyer, the more options you have.<\/p><p>Correll Law Firm has recovered millions of dollars for injured Virginians and their families. We focus on your case, so you can focus on getting better.\u00ae<\/p><p>No attorney&#8217;s fee unless we win. Clients may remain responsible for costs accrued in the case.<\/p><p>Call Correll Law Firm at (540) 534-0928 for a free case review.<\/p><p>This post is for general information purposes only. It is not legal advice, and it is not privileged or confidential in any way. The only way Correll Law Firm will represent you is through a signed fee agreement. Settlements, verdicts, and results in all cases depend on various factors and circumstances that are unique to each case. Statements in this post and past results in cases are not a guarantee or prediction of similar results in future cases that Correll Law Firm and its lawyers may undertake.<\/p><\/footer>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Related practice areas<\/h2><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"\/resources\/commercial-vehicle-accidents-virginia-guide\/\">Commercial Vehicle Crash Questions in Virginia<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<!-- chg:section-siblings -->\n<nav aria-label=\"More in this section\">\n<h2>More in this section<\/h2>\n<ul><li><a href=\"\/resources\/commercial-vehicle-accidents-virginia-guide\/pedestrian-cyclist-killed-commercial-truck-wrongful-death-virginia\/\">Pedestrian or Cyclist Killed by a Commercial Truck: Who Can File in Virginia?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/resources\/commercial-vehicle-accidents-virginia-guide\/pedestrian-struck-by-commercial-vehicle-virginia\/\">Pedestrian Struck by a Commercial Vehicle in Virginia: What to Know<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/resources\/commercial-vehicle-accidents-virginia-guide\/personal-representative-wrongful-death-truck-crash-virginia\/\">Personal Representative Role in a Wrongful Death Claim After a Fatal Truck Crash in Virginia<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/resources\/commercial-vehicle-accidents-virginia-guide\/punitive-damages-commercial-vehicle-crash-virginia\/\">Can Punitive Damages Apply in a Commercial Vehicle Crash Case in Virginia?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/resources\/commercial-vehicle-accidents-virginia-guide\/recorded-statement-trucking-company-insurance-adjuster\/\">Recorded Statement to a Trucking Company&#x27;s Insurance Adjuster: What to Know Before Speaking<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/nav>\n<!-- \/chg:section-siblings -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bus crash injuries in Virginia: who may be hurt, which injuries often follow, what records to keep, and Virginia&#8217;s two-year filing rule and wrongful death basics.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":4877,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"chg_review":"{\"v\": 1, \"checked_at\": \"2026-11-02T12:16:08+00:00\", \"checked\": true, \"jurisdiction\": \"Virginia\", \"claims\": [{\"url\": \"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/46.2-894\/\", \"also\": [{\"url\": \"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/46.2-371\/\", \"cite\": \"Va. Code \u00a7 46.2-371\", \"heading\": \"Driver to give immediate notice of certain accidents\", \"support\": \"shall immediately give notice of the accident to a law-enforcement officer.\", \"law_text\": \"The driver of any vehicle involved in any accident resulting in injury to or death of any person, or some person acting for him, shall immediately give notice of the accident to a law-enforcement officer. A willful failure to make the report required in this section shall constitute a Class 4 misdemeanor.\"}], \"cite\": \"Va. Code \u00a7 46.2-894\", \"heading\": \"Duty of driver to stop, etc., in event of accident involving injury or death or damage to attended property; penalty\", \"support\": \"shall immediately stop as close to the scene of the accident as possible without obstructing traffic\", \"verdict\": \"supported\", \"law_text\": \"The driver of any vehicle involved in an accident in which a person is killed or injured or in which an attended vehicle or other attended property is damaged shall immediately stop as close to the scene of the accident as possible without obstructing traffic, as provided in \u00a7 46.2-888, and report his name, address, driver's license number, and vehicle registration number forthwith to the State Police or local law-enforcement agency, to the person struck and injured if such person appears to be capable of understanding and retaining the information, or to the driver or some other occupant of the vehicl \u2026\", \"sentence\": \"Virginia requires a driver involved in a crash with injury or death to stop and report it to police immediately (Va. Code \u00a7\u00a7 46.2-371, 46.2-894).\"}, {\"url\": \"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-243\/\", \"cite\": \"Va. Code \u00a7 8.01-243\", \"heading\": \"Personal action for injury to person or property generally; extension in actions for malpractice against health care provider\", \"support\": \"every action for personal injuries, whatever the theory of recovery, and every action for damages resulting from fraud, shall be brought within two years after the cause of action accrues.\", \"verdict\": \"supported\", \"law_text\": \"\u2026 Unless otherwise provided in this section or by other statute, every action for personal injuries, whatever the theory of recovery, and every action for damages resulting from fraud, shall be brought within two years after the cause of action accrues. B. \u2026\", \"sentence\": \"Virginia generally allows two years from the date of injury to file a personal injury lawsuit (Va. Code \u00a7 8.01-243(A)); the clock runs from the date of injury, not the date of discovery, with narrow exceptions.\"}, {\"url\": \"https:\/\/www.vacourts.gov\/opinions\/opncavwp\/1374231.pdf\", \"cite\": \"Hazelwood v. Lawyer Garage, LLC (Va. Ct. App. Aug. 6, 2024)\", \"heading\": \"In Virginia, contributory negligence is a complete defense -- a plaintiff found even partly at fault can be barred from recovering anything.\", \"support\": \"a defendant may raise contributory negligence as a defense that completely bars the plaintiff from recovery.\", \"verdict\": \"supported\", \"law_text\": \"In Virginia, a defendant may raise contributory negligence as a defense that completely bars the plaintiff from recovery.\", \"sentence\": \"Virginia follows contributory negligence: if you are found even partly at fault, you may be barred from recovering, with limited exceptions.\"}, {\"url\": \"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-244\/\", \"also\": [{\"url\": \"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-50\/\", \"cite\": \"Va. Code \u00a7 8.01-50\", \"heading\": \"Action for death by wrongful act; how and when to be brought\", \"support\": \"Every such action under subsection A shall be brought by and in the name of the personal representative of such deceased person.\", \"law_text\": \"\u2026 Nothing in this section shall be construed to create a cause of action for a fetal death against the natural mother of the fetus. C. Every such action under subsection A shall be brought by and in the name of the personal representative of such deceased person. Actions for fetal death under subsection B shall be brought by and in the name of the natural mother; \u2026\"}], \"cite\": \"Va. Code \u00a7 8.01-244\", \"heading\": \"Actions for wrongful death; limitation\", \"support\": \"Every action under \u00a7 8.01-50 shall be brought by the personal representative of the decedent within two years after the death of the injured person.\", \"verdict\": \"supported\", \"law_text\": \"\u2026 B. Every action under \u00a7 8.01-50 shall be brought by the personal representative of the decedent within two years after the death of the injured person. If any such action is brought within such period of two years after such person's death and for any cause abates or is dismissed without determining the merits of such action, the time such action is pending shall not be counted as any part of such period of two years and another action may be brought within the remaining p \u2026\", \"sentence\": \"A Virginia wrongful death action is filed by the decedent's personal representative within two years of the death (Va. Code \u00a7\u00a7 8.01-50(C), 8.01-244(B)), on behalf of the family members the statute protects.\"}, {\"url\": \"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-50\/\", \"cite\": \"Va. Code \u00a7 8.01-50\", \"heading\": \"Action for death by wrongful act; how and when to be brought\", \"support\": \"Every such action under subsection A shall be brought by and in the name of the personal representative of such deceased person.\", \"verdict\": \"supported\", \"law_text\": \"\u2026 Nothing in this section shall be construed to create a cause of action for a fetal death against the natural mother of the fetus. C. Every such action under subsection A shall be brought by and in the name of the personal representative of such deceased person. Actions for fetal death under subsection B shall be brought by and in the name of the natural mother; \u2026\", \"sentence\": \"Family members do not file the action.\"}, {\"url\": \"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-53\/\", \"cite\": \"Va. Code \u00a7 8.01-53\", \"heading\": \"Class and beneficiaries; when determined\", \"support\": \"The damages awarded pursuant to \u00a7 8.01-52 shall be distributed as specified under \u00a7 8.01-54 to (i) the surviving spouse, children of the deceased and children of any deceased child of the deceased\", \"verdict\": \"supported\", \"law_text\": \"\u2026 The damages awarded pursuant to \u00a7 8.01-52 shall be distributed as specified under \u00a7 8.01-54 to (i) the surviving spouse, children of the deceased and children of any deceased child of the deceased, and, only if there is a surviving spouse, children of the deceased, or children of any deceased child of the deceased, the parents of the decedent if any of such parents, within 12 months prior to the decedent's death, regularly received support or regularly received services from the decedent for n \u2026\", \"sentence\": \"They share in any recovery.\"}, {\"url\": \"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-244\/\", \"cite\": \"Va. Code \u00a7 8.01-244\", \"heading\": \"Actions for wrongful death; limitation\", \"support\": \"Every action under \u00a7 8.01-50 shall be brought by the personal representative of the decedent within two years after the death of the injured person.\", \"verdict\": \"supported\", \"law_text\": \"\u2026 B. Every action under \u00a7 8.01-50 shall be brought by the personal representative of the decedent within two years after the death of the injured person. If any such action is brought within such period of two years after such person's death and for any cause abates or is dismissed without determining the merits of such action, the time such action is pending shall not be counted as any part of such period of two years and another action may be brought within the remaining p \u2026\", \"sentence\": \"The filing rule is set out in Va. Code \u00a7 8.01-244.\"}, {\"url\": \"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-52\/\", \"also\": [{\"url\": \"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-52\/\", \"cite\": \"Va. Code \u00a7 8.01-52\", \"heading\": \"Amount of damages\", \"support\": \"Punitive damages may be recovered for willful or wanton conduct, or such recklessness as evinces a conscious disregard for the safety of others.\", \"law_text\": \"\u2026 2. Compensation for reasonably expected loss of (i) income of the decedent and (ii) services, protection, care and assistance provided by the decedent; 3. Expenses for the care, treatment and hospitalization of the decedent incident to the injury resulting in death; 4. Reasonable funeral expenses; and 5. Punitive damages may be recovered for willful or wanton conduct, or such recklessness as evinces a conscious disregard for the safety of others. Damages recoverable under 3, 4 and 5 above shall be specifically stated by the jury or the court, as the case may be. Damages recoverable under 3 and 4 above shall be apportioned among the creditors who rendered such services, as their respective interests may appear. \u2026\"}], \"cite\": \"Va. Code \u00a7 8.01-52\", \"heading\": \"Amount of damages\", \"support\": \"Sorrow, mental anguish, and solace which may include society, companionship, comfort, guidance, kindly offices and advice of the decedent;\", \"verdict\": \"supported\", \"law_text\": \"\u2026 The verdict or judgment of the court trying the case without a jury shall include, but may not be limited to, damages for the following: 1. Sorrow, mental anguish, and solace which may include society, companionship, comfort, guidance, kindly offices and advice of the decedent; 2. Compensation for reasonably expected loss of (i) income of the decedent and (ii) services, protection, care and assistance provided by the decedent; 3. Expenses for the care, treatment and hospitalization of the decedent incident to the injury resulting in death; 4. Reasonable funeral expenses; and 5. \u2026\", \"sentence\": \"Virginia wrongful death damages cover the family's sorrow, mental anguish and loss of the decedent's companionship, guidance and care; lost income and services; medical expenses from the injury; funeral expenses; and, for willful or wanton conduct, punitive damages (Va. Code \u00a7 8.01-52).\"}, {\"url\": \"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-52\/\", \"cite\": \"Va. Code \u00a7 8.01-52\", \"heading\": \"Amount of damages\", \"support\": \"The verdict or judgment of the court trying the case without a jury shall include, but may not be limited to, damages for the following:\", \"verdict\": \"supported\", \"law_text\": \"\u2026 The verdict or judgment of the court trying the case without a jury shall include, but may not be limited to, damages for the following: 1. Sorrow, mental anguish, and solace which may include society, companionship, comfort, guidance, kindly offices and advice of the decedent; 2. Compensation for reasonably expected loss of (i) income of the decedent and (ii) services, protection, care and assistance provided by the decedent; 3. \u2026\", \"sentence\": \"The damages list appears in Va. Code \u00a7 8.01-52.\"}, {\"url\": \"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-243\/\", \"cite\": \"Va. Code \u00a7 8.01-243\", \"heading\": \"Personal action for injury to person or property generally; extension in actions for malpractice against health care provider\", \"support\": \"E. Every action for injury to property brought by the Commonwealth against a tort-feasor for expenses arising out of the negligent operation of a motor vehicle shall be brought within five years after the cause of action accrues.\", \"verdict\": \"supported\", \"law_text\": \"\u2026 For the purposes of this subsection, \\\"person of authority\\\" means a person in a position of trust having influence over the victim's life. E. Every action for injury to property brought by the Commonwealth against a tort-feasor for expenses arising out of the negligent operation of a motor vehicle shall be brought within five years after the cause of action accrues.\", \"sentence\": \"The statute appears in full at Va. Code \u00a7 8.01-243.\"}, {\"url\": \"https:\/\/www.vacourts.gov\/opinions\/opnscvwp\/1021513.pdf\", \"also\": [{\"url\": \"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-38.1\/\", \"cite\": \"Va. Code \u00a7 8.01-38.1\", \"heading\": \"Limitation on recovery of punitive damages\", \"support\": \"In no event shall the total amount awarded for punitive damages exceed $350,000.\", \"law_text\": \"In any action accruing on or after July 1, 1988, including an action for medical malpractice under Chapter 21.1 (\u00a7 8.01-581.1 et seq.), the total amount awarded for punitive damages against all defendants found to be liable shall be determined by the trier of fact. In no event shall the total amount awarded for punitive damages exceed $350,000. The jury shall not be advised of the limitation prescribed by this section. However, if a jury returns a verdict for punitive damages in excess of the maximum amount specified in this section, the judge shall reduce the award and enter judgment for such damages in the maximum amount provided by this section.\"}], \"cite\": \"Doe v. Isaacs, 265 Va. 531 (2003)\", \"heading\": \"In a Virginia personal injury case, punitive damages may be awarded only for malicious conduct or for negligence so willful or wanton that it shows a conscious disregard of others' rights; Va. Code \u00a7 8.01-38.1 caps them at $350,000.\", \"support\": \"egligence which is so willful or wanton as to evince a conscious disregard of the rights of others, as well as malicious conduct, will support an award of punitive damages in a personal injury case.\", \"verdict\": \"supported\", \"law_text\": \"egligence which is so willful or wanton as to evince a conscious disregard of the rights of others, as well as malicious conduct, will support an award of punitive damages in a personal injury case.\", \"sentence\": \"Virginia allows punitive damages for actual malice, or for willful or wanton conduct or recklessness showing a conscious disregard for the safety of others, and the total punitive award may not exceed $350,000 (Va. Code \u00a7 8.01-38.1).\"}, {\"url\": \"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/46.2-894\/\", \"cite\": \"Va. Code \u00a7 46.2-894\", \"heading\": \"Duty of driver to stop, etc., in event of accident involving injury or death or damage to attended property; penalty\", \"support\": \"The driver shall also render reasonable assistance to any person injured in such accident, including taking such injured person to a physician, surgeon, or hospital if it is apparent that medical treatment is necessary or is requested by the injured person.\", \"verdict\": \"supported\", \"law_text\": \"\u2026 The driver shall also render reasonable assistance to any person injured in such accident, including taking such injured person to a physician, surgeon, or hospital if it is apparent that medical treatment is necessary or is requested by the injured person. Where, because of injuries sustained in the accident, the driver is prevented from complying with the foregoing provisions of this section, the driver shall, as soon as reasonably possible, make the required report to the State Police or local law-enforcement agency and \u2026\", \"sentence\": \"The driver also must give reasonable help to injured people, including taking them to a physician, surgeon or hospital if it is apparent that medical treatment is necessary or if the injured person asks for it, under Va. 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